Have you ever found yourself staring at a tiny connector, unsure if it’s the right one for your project? If you work with electronics, you’ve likely encountered JST connectors. These small yet essential components connect wires and boards in devices like 3D printers, drones, and rechargeable battery packs. However, with numerous series and similar-looking connectors from other manufacturers, identifying the correct JST connector can feel like solving a puzzle.
Don’t worry! In this detailed guide, we’ll walk you through the process of identifying JST connectors step by step, equipping you with the knowledge to ensure compatibility, safety, and success in your electronic projects. Whether you’re an engineer, a DIY enthusiast, or sourcing parts for a larger operation, this JST connector identification guide has you covered.
What Are JST Connectors?
Before diving into identification, let’s clarify what JST connectors are. JST stands for Japan Solderless Terminal, the name of a Japanese company (J.S.T. Mfg. Co., Ltd.) renowned for producing high-quality electrical connectors. Contrary to a common misconception, “JST” doesn’t refer to a single type of connector but to the manufacturer. JST offers a variety of connector series, each tailored to specific applications with distinct specifications.
Here’s a handy reference for popular JST connector types:
| attributes \ series | JST SH | JST GH | JST ZH | JST PH | JST XH | JST SM | JST EH | JST RCY |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zeakka series | 1002 | 1253 | 1501 | 2002 | 2501 | 2505 | 2503 | 2509 |
| pitch | 1.0mm | 1.25mm | 1.5mm | 2.0mm | 2.5mm | 2.5mm | 2.5mm | 2.5mm |
| circuit size | 2 – 20 | 2 – 15 | 2 – 13 | 2 – 16 | 1 – 20 | 2 – 18 | 2 – 15 | 2 |
| current rating | 1A | 1A | 1A | 2A | 3A | 3A | 3A | 3A |
| voltage rating | 50V | 50V | 50V | 100V | 250V | 250V | 250V | 250V |
| applicable wire (AWG) | 32 – 28 | 30 – 26 | 32 – 26 | 32 – 24 | 30 – 22 | 28 – 22 | 32 – 22 | 28 – 22 |
| configurations | wire to board | wire to board | wire to board | wire to board | wire to board | wire to wire | wire to board | wire to wire |
| single row | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| dual row | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | YES | NO | NO |
| locking feature | NO | YES | NO | YES | YES | YES | YES | NO |
| through hole type | NO | NO | YES | YES | YES | / | YES | / |
| SMT type | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | / | NO | / |
How they look:
Here’s the catch: many connectors resemble JST products but come from other manufacturers. This similarity makes precise identification critical to avoid mix-ups.
Why Identifying JST Connectors Matters
Why bother with proper identification? The stakes are higher than you might think:
- Compatibility: Using the wrong connector can result in a poor fit or an unreliable connection, leading to project failures or intermittent issues.
- Safety: In power applications—think drone battery packs or RC vehicles—an incorrect connector could cause short circuits, overheating, or even fires.
- Cost Savings: Misidentifying connectors can lead to costly procurement errors or assembly delays, especially in bulk production.
Taking a few minutes to identify the right JST connector can save you time, money, and headaches down the line.
Key Parameters for Identifying JST Connectors
To pinpoint the correct JST connector, focus on these four key parameters:
- Type: Is it a wire-to-wire connector (linking two wires) or a wire-to-board connector (connecting a wire to a PCB)? For wire-to-board, note if it’s through-hole (pins go through the board) or surface-mount (pins solder to the surface).
- Pitch: The distance (in millimeters) between the centers of adjacent pins. This is a defining trait, with common pitches like 1.0 mm, 1.25 mm, 2.0 mm, and 2.5 mm.
- Number of Positions: The total count of pins or slots, typically ranging from 2 to 20.
- Physical Characteristics: Look at size, shape, color, and unique features like locking mechanisms or latches. Color varies, but other traits can confirm the series.
Mastering these parameters is the foundation of successful identification.
Step-by-Step Guide: How to Identify JST Connectors
Ready to identify your JST connector? Follow this straightforward five-step process:
Step 1: Determine the Type
- Wire-to-Wire: Does it connect two wires together? Think cables joining end-to-end.
- Wire-to-Board: Does it link a wire to a circuit board? If so, check if the pins go through the board (through-hole) or sit on top (surface-mount).
Step 2: Measure the Pitch
- Grab a digital caliper and measure the distance between the centers of two adjacent pins. Accuracy is vital—2.5 mm and 2.54 mm might seem close, but they indicate different connectors. Record your measurement in millimeters. (how to measure)
Step 3: Count the Number of Positions
- Simply count the pins or slots. A 2-position connector has two pins, a 5-position has five, and so on. This narrows your options.
Step 4: Look for Markings or Labels
- Examine the connector for molded or printed details—part numbers, series names (like “XH” or “RCY”), or the JST logo. These clues can instantly reveal the series.
Step 5: Compare with Known JST Series Listed Above
- Use the table and pictures above to match your findings with common JST series. Cross-reference the type, pitch, and positions, and consider the connector’s typical use for confirmation.
Tips and Tricks for Accurate Identification
Avoid pitfalls and boost accuracy with these practical tips:
- Steer Clear of Mistakes: Misjudging pitch is a common error—double-check your caliper readings. Also, don’t assume a connector is JST just because it looks familiar; verify with markings or specs.
- Use Proper Tools: A digital caliper is a must for precise pitch measurement. For tiny markings, a magnifying glass can help.
- Consult Official Datasheets: Found a part number or series name? Look it up in JST’s official datasheets to confirm details.
Conclusion
Identifying JST connectors doesn’t have to be a mystery. With this guide—determining the type, measuring the pitch, counting positions, checking markings, and comparing with known series—you can confidently select the right connector every time. Proper identification ensures your projects are compatible, safe, and efficient, whether you’re wiring a hobby project or sourcing parts for production.
Need custom solutions or alternatives to JST connectors? Zeakka Electronics has you covered. We specialize in connector alternatives and custom cable assemblies tailored to your needs.